Over 16 million Americans are currently living with rosacea, and the cause is still unknown. Rosacea is found on the face of middle aged men and women, and can occur because of genetics, or problems with the nervous system, blood vessels, or the immune system. The most common, and noticeable symptom is small red bumps found on the cheek, nose and forehead. There are four different subtypes of rosacea, and each one comes with its own set of symptoms.
Erythematotelangiectatic Rosacea
This subtype is associated with facial redness. The skin is easily irritated and blood vessels may be visible. Patients may also deal with dry, scaly skin if they suffer from this subtype. There are three grades, ranging from mild to severe.
Mild
- Occasional redness that can be triggered by sunlight, foods and other external factors.
- Doctors can work with them on identifying these triggers, and creating a skin care routine to upkeep the skin’s barrier.
Moderate
- More frequent flushing, moderate redness, visible blood vessel
- Same treatments as mild, but you can be prescribed medicine and receive laser treatments to reduce redness.
Severe
- Extreme redness, frequent flushing, visible vessels and scaly, dry skin
- Burning and swelling
- Doctors can prescribe topical treatments and hormone replacement therapy
Papulopustular Rosacea
Along with redness and flushing, patients may see acne-like breakouts and burning sensation. Just like subtype one, this subtype can be split into three grades ranging from mild to severe.
Mild
- Occasional redness with a few acne pustules
- Topical treatments and oral antibiotics can be used to keep inflammation down
Moderate
- Acne pustules are much more apparent and redness is more frequent
- Stronger topical treatments and oral antibiotics are administered
Severe
- More persistent redness, numerous pustules, red plaques with burning feeling
- Doctor recommended skincare regimens are put in place, as well as topical and oral treatments
Phymatous Rosacea
Different than the first two subtypes, this subtype is associated with enlargements of the face with bumps and irregularities such as follicles. Thick skin is developed most commonly on the cheeks, nose, forehead and ears.
Mild
- Visible follicles on the affected area with no changes to the face
- Topical treatment can stop the development and shrink the follicles
Moderate
- Changes to the face can include enlargement of the nose and thicker skin
- Topical and oral treatment can be used to reduce redness and shrink follicles
Severe
- Contours to the face as well as the development of bumps
- Plastic surgery can be used to repair the contours and remove excess tissue
Ocular Rosacea
If the name didn’t give it away, this subtype of rosacea affects the eyes. Patients can have a bloodshot appearance with watery, itchy and dry eyes. They can also experience blurred vision and sensitivity to light.
Mild
- Affects the Meibomian glands and the eyelid
- Doctors can prescribe artificial tears and instruct patients to clean their eyelashes
Moderate
- Affects the inner eyelid and surface of the eye
- Along with the mild case, doctors can also prescribe an antibiotic treatment to be applied to the eyelashes
Severe
- Inflammation of the eye which can lead to blurred vision or vision loss
- Topical steroids and medications can be prescribed, but surgery may be necessary
If you are currently struggling with a form of rosacea, visit Premier Dermatology. Our skilled staff has the skills and knowledge to get the help you need.
